Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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Humans are thought to have evolved during the _____ Era. a. | Mesozoic | c. | Cenozoic | b. | Precambrian | d. | Paleozoic | | | | |
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Figure 14-4
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2.
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According to Figure 14-4, the correct chronological order of organisms as they develop
are _____. a. | dinosaurs, jawed
fish, birds, prokaryotes | b. | jawed fish, dinosaurs, prokaryotes,
birds | c. | prokaryotes, jawed fish, dinosaurs,
birds | d. | birds, dinosaurs, jawed fish,
prokaryotes | | |
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3.
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According to Figure 14-4, what was the earliest form of multicellular life on
Earth? a. | fish | c. | invertebrates | b. | reptiles | d. | land plants | | | | |
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4.
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According to Figure 14-4, in how many eras have mammals existed?
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5.
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Which
of the following statements are true about fossils? a. | There are many
different ways that fossils can be formed. | b. | Fossil insects that were trapped in ice or hardened into
amber. | c. | Fossils are usually found in sedimentary rock
layers. | d. | all of these | | |
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6.
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Which
fact is the basis for using the fossil record as evidence that evolution has taken
place? a. | Fossils have
been shown to provide a complete record of human evolution. | b. | There are
fossils of all life-forms to be found in rock layers. | c. | In undisturbed
layers of rock strata, the older fossils are found in the deeper layers. | d. | All fossils were
formed at the same time. | | |
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7.
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Before biogenesis became an accepted cornerstone of biology, it was widely accepted
that _____. a. | maggots were the
immature offspring of flies | b. | flies could be produced only from other
flies | c. | living things could arise spontaneously from other non-living
things | d. | Francesco Redi and Louis Pasteur would be unable to test the
current beliefs | | |
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8.
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Urey
and Miller subjected water, ammonia, methane, and hydrogen to heating and cooling cycles and jolts of
electricity in an attempt to _____. a. | determine how the dinosaurs became
extinct | b. | find out how ozone forms in the
atmosphere | c. | determine the age of microfossils | d. | form complex
organic compounds | | |
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9.
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Which
event contributed most directly to the evidence of aerobic organisms? a. | the presence of
organisms able to carry on photosynthesis | b. | an increase in the concentration of methane in the ancient
atmosphere | c. | a decrease in the sun's light
intensity | d. | an increase in the number of organisms carrying on
fermentation | | |
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10.
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The
Geologic Time Scale begins at the formation of Earth approximately _____ years ago. a. | 46
million | c. | 4.6
thousand | b. | 4.6 million | d. | 4.6 billion | | | | |
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11.
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While
looking for fossils on an eroded hillside, you discover fossil coral and fish in one layer. In a
layer just above, you find the fossil imprint of a fern frond and some fossil moss. Assuming the rock
has not been disturbed, which of the following is the most probable conclusion? a. | A forest had
once grown there but had become submerged by water. | b. | A saltwater sea
had changed to a freshwater lake in ancient times. | c. | A sea had been
replaced by land in ancient times. | d. | The area had been a sea until recent
times. | | |
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12.
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Which
group of organisms is believed to have been the earliest to evolve? a. | aquatic
dinosaurs | c. | cyanobacteria | b. | land plants | d. | mammals | | | | |
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13.
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According to one theory, the first prokaryotes probably obtained their food
_____. a. | through a
combination of photosynthesis and aerobic respiration | b. | through the
synthesis of organic molecules from inorganic molecules | c. | by consuming
organic molecules available in their environment | d. | by eating
carbohydrates formed by autotrophs | | |
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14.
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Which
of the following fossils are not found in sedimentary rock? a. | petrified
wood | c. | imprints | b. | amber | d. | frozen mammoths | | | | |
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15.
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The
primitive Earth atmosphere is hypothesized to have consisted mostly of _____. a. | hydrogen,
methane, ammonia, and water vapor | b. | oxygen, nitrogen, and water vapor | c. | amino acids,
ATP, carbohydrates, and oxygen | d. | none of these | | |
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16.
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Scientists agree that two developments must have occurred for life to come into being:
the formation of simple organic molecules important to life and _____. a. | organization of
molecules into complex organic molecules | b. | development of prokaryotic cells in early
oceans | c. | an atmosphere rich in water vapor, oxygen, and
ATP | d. | appearance of
amino acids, monosaccharides, and lipids | | |
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17.
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Since
the 1950s, experiments have been conducted that lead scientists to conclude that life may have
originated _____. a. | spontaneously as
originally thought | b. | in other parts of the universe | c. | in small pools
of water where amino acids could be concentrated | d. | when prokaryotes
joined together to make the first eukaryotic cell | | |
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18.
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A
clear fish imprint in a rock indicates that the rock is probably _____. a. | sedimentary | c. | igneous | b. | volcanic | d. | metamorphic | | | | |
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