Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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Which
one of the following nucleotide pair bonds would be found in a DNA molecule? a. | adenine-cytosine | c. | guanine-cytosine | b. | adenine-guanine | d. | cytosine-uracil | | | | |
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Figure
11-1
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2.
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In
which part of the cell does this process shown in Figure 11-1 take place? a. | on the
chromosome | c. | in food
vacuoles | b. | in the nucleus | d. | at the ribosomes | | | | |
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3.
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The
process illustrated in Figure 11-1 is called _____. a. | transcription | c. | translation | b. | replication | d. | monoploidy | | | | |
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4.
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Which
of the structures in Figure 11-1 are composed of RNA? a. | III and
IV | c. | III and
V | b. | II and
IV | d. | I and
V | | | | |
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5.
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Structure III in Figure 11-1 represents a(n) _____. a. | gene | c. | codon | b. | amino acid | d. | DNA molecule | | | | |
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6.
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A DNA
segment is changed from-AATTAG- to -AAATAG-. This is a ____. a. | inversion | c. | deletion | b. | point mutation | d. | frameshift mutation | | | | |
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7.
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Which
of the following would be least likely to happen as a result of a mutation in a person's skin
cells? a. | no change in
functioning of the skin cell | b. | reduced functioning of the skin cell | c. | the person's
offspring have mutated skin | d. | skin cancer | | |
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8.
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An
RNA molecule is a polymer composed of subunits known as _____. a. | polysaccharides | c. | uracil
molecules | b. | ribose molecules | d. | nucleotides | | | | |
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Figure
11-4
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9.
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What
will be the result of the mutation in Figure 11-4? a. | nearly every
amino acid in the protein will be changed | b. | it will have no affect on protein
function | c. | the organism will die | d. | only one amino
acid will change | | |
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10.
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What
type of mutation has occurred in Figure 11-4? a. | frame shift | c. | lethal | b. | protein | d. | point
mutation | | | | |
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Figure
11-3
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11.
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Which
structure shown in Figure 11-3 would attract a free cytosine nucleotide?
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12.
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Which
structure shown in Figure 11-3 is a pyrimidine?
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13.
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Which
structure shown in Figure 11-3 does not contain a nitrogenous base?
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14.
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The
chromosome abnormality that occurs when part of one chromosome breaks off and is added to a different
chromosome is _____. a. | translocation | c. | deletion | b. | inversion | d. | nondisjunction | | | | |
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Help
Wanted | Positions
Available in the genetics industry. Hundreds of entry-level openings for tireless workers. No
previous experience necessary. Must be able to transcribe code in a nuclear environment. The ability
to work in close association with ribosomes is a must. | Accuracy and Speed vital for this job in the field of translation. Applicants
must demonstrate skills in transporting and positioning amino acids. Salary commensurate with
experience. | Executive
Position available. Must be able to maintain genetic continuity through replication and control
cellular activity by regulation of enzyme production. Limited number of openings. All
benefits. | Supervisor of production of proteins—all
shifts. Must be able to follow exact directions from double-stranded template. Travel from nucleus to
the cytoplasm is additional job benefit. | |
Table
11-1
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15.
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Applicants for the third job of the Help Wanted ad in Table 11-1, "Executive
Position," could qualify if they were _____.
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16.
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Applicants for the second job of the Help Wanted ad in Table 11-1, "Accuracy and
Speed," could qualify if they were _____.
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17.
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Applicants for the fourth job of the Help Wanted ad in Table 11-1,
"Supervisor," could qualify if they were _____.
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18.
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Messenger RNA is formed in the process of _____. a. | translation | c. | transcription | b. | mutation | d. | replication | | | | |
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19.
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Which
series is arranged in order from largest to smallest in size? a. | cell,
nucleotide, nucleus, DNA, chromosome | b. | cell, nucleus, chromosome, DNA,
nucleotide | c. | nucleotide, chromosome, cell, DNA,
nucleus | d. | chromosome, nucleus, cell, DNA,
nucleotide | | |
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20.
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A DNA
nucleotide may be made up of a phosphate group, along with _____. a. | ribose sugar and
cytosine | c. | ribose sugar and
adenine | b. | deoxyribose sugar and uracil | d. | deoxyribose sugar and thymine | | | | |
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21.
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Watson and Crick were the first to suggest that DNA is _____. a. | the genetic
material | c. | a protein
molecule | b. | a short molecule | d. | the shape of a double helix | | | | |
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22.
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X
rays, ultraviolet light, and radioactive substances that can change the chemical nature of DNA are
classified as _____. a. | hydrolytic enzymes | c. | metamorphic molecules | b. | mutagens | d. | growth
regulators | | | | |
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23.
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The
process by which a DNA molecule is copied is called _____. a. | replication | c. | binary
fission | b. | translation | d. | mitosis | | | | |
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24.
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The
backbone of a DNA molecule is made of which two components? a. | phosphate
molecules and ribose sugars | b. | deoxyphosphate molecules and deoxyribose
sugars | c. | phosphate molecules and deoxyribose
sugars | d. | deoxyphosphate molecules and ribose
sugars | | |
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25.
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The
pairing of _____ in DNA is the key feature that allows DNA to be copied. a. | nucleotides | c. | chromosomes | b. | codons | d. | nitrogen bases | | | | |
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26.
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Ribosomes are made of _____. a. | rRNA and mRNA | c. | tRNA and mRNA | b. | protein and
tRNA | d. | rRNA and
protein | | | | |
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27.
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A DNA
segment is changed from -AATTAGAAATAG- to -ATTAGAAATAG-. This is a ____. a. | point
mutation | c. | translation | b. | frameshift mutation | d. | inversion | | | | |
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